Based on the principles of historicism and consistency, the article examines the stages of navigation in the Azov-Black Sea basin from early antiquity to the Russian regular Navy. Little-known written and material sources were used. The evolution of sailing and rowing vessels is shown, due to the tasks of certain periods and the technological capabilities of the subjects. The constant attractiveness of the Azov Sea and the mouth of the Don River with adjacent lands as sources of rich food resources and as a crossroads of world trade routes for very remote states for thousands of years has been revealed. The decisive role of motivation, technical and professional training of naval potential in ensuring the military and economic success of participants in the competitive historical process is shown. The political and economic expediency and firm consistency of Russia in gaining access to the South Seas, which culminated in the implementation of Peter the Great's Azov project, are emphasized. Using concrete examples, the effectiveness of the principle of historicism in scientific and practical reconstructions of voyages on replica ships of the past is demonstrated. It is concluded that in order to acquire the proper level of national consciousness, Russians need systematic historical education and enlightenment.

The article, based on a wide range of archival and published sources, examines the early years of the famous lexicographer, writer, ethnographer and official V.I. Dahl. This period is of particular importance for understanding the origins of the formation of the characteristics of his personality and worldview, which he carried throughout his life. The training of V.I. Dahl in the Naval Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg (1815-1819) is analyzed not only from the point of view of the content of the educational process, but also in the context of relationships with peers and teachers. These factors seem to have had a significant impact on the formation of character and socio-psychological attitudes inherent in V.I. Dahl in subsequent years. It is in the circumstances of childhood and youth that one should look for the roots of various turns of fate and career of V.I. Dahl, as well as some difficult situations that sometimes developed between him and his contemporaries. A number of aspects of the biography of the lexicographer and his immediate relatives have been studied for the first time.

The article summarizes the data of sociological surveys of urban youth, mainly at the age of 18-24, held in the largest agglomeration of the Arctic zone of Russia («Arkhangelsk agglomeration») in 2021-2023. Data characterizing the ethnic-language situation in the territory, features and state of regional and civil identity, historical memory in the youth environment. Particular attention was paid to the attitude of young people to the history of their own family or family, to the «places of memory» and the national holidays of the Russian Federation related to the history of the country. The article, the authors of which were also the beginning researchers, also includes the assessments of youth representatives on these aspects. In general, the commitment to urban youth of Pomorie to the basic traditional values such as family, love, work, friendship was confirmed. The stable and constructive nature of the processes of the formation of a new Russian civil identity is noted, the attitude of youth as a whole corresponds to the formula of the civil nation set by the edition of the Russian Constitution from 2020, but a decrease in indicators of regional identity was revealed. Also, in the form of expert proposals, recommendations are presented on the composition of urgent measures of a political, economic and informational nature, designed to ensure sustainable reproduction of the human potential in the cities of the AZRF European sector, including by attracting youth from other regions of Russia.

The article presents data on the study of the perception of the Moscow university students of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood". To obtain data on the perception of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" by the student youth, the author conducted a sociological study using the method of individual in-depth interviews (30 first-year students of Moscow universities who are teaching this discipline). In the course of the study, the theoretical and methodological basis was studied, affecting the issue of perception by modern youth of certain development trends and problems of society. The study is an important stage in the study of the influence of the new course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" on the formation of the worldview of students. The article analyzes the attitude of young people to youth politics in Russia today, to the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" and its influence on the formation of awareness of belonging to Russian society, the development of a sense of citizenship, as well as on the creation of a spiritual, moral and cultural foundation of a developed and integral personality who realized the peculiarities of the historical path of our state and the identity of its political organization. The results of the study show that the perception of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood" depends on various factors, in particular on the individual preferences and expectations of students. The new course is not only an educational program, but also a tool of social impact aimed at the formation of patriotic consciousness and civic responsibility among the younger generation. The results of the study supplement the accumulated knowledge by obtaining up-to-date data on the perception of the student youth of Moscow universities of the course "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood", clarify various aspects of the content of this course, which in the future will help other authors in the study of the topic.

This article provides axiological foundations in response to the destructive influence of posthumanistic ideas. The author presents the key provisions of posthumanistic consciousness: freedom without foundations, man as part of a common ecosystem (the gap between the concepts of "man” and "humanity”) and the absence of the category of truth, leading to a "distributed identity” of a person (unstable and ambiguous). The paradigm of posthumanism refers to Western culture, in geopolitical realities, seeking to defend positions of governance (a reference to a unipolar world order). The study examines the foundations of the cultural policy of the Russian Federation to represent a different type of thinking: the attempt at unification is opposed by cultural diversity, and ambiguity is opposed by core spiritual and moral values.

The author examines the institution of elections of heads of subjects of the Russian Federation as a product of political and cultural orientations of both state and political figures of the federal and regional levels of government, and the ordinary citizens. Using comparative and statistical analysis, the relationship between political attitudes and expectations of Russians and the transformation of gubernatorial elections in the period from 1991 to 2022 is explored. The significance of the ethnonational and socio-economic specifics of the political culture of Russians in legitimizing such changes is described. During the analysis of direct gubernatorial elections in 2023, current features of political culture in the context of regions are noted, which may be important in the transformation of the institution of gubernatorial elections. The author compares the results of the gubernatorial campaigns of 2018 and 2023 from the point of view of the landscape of political involvement of Russians and the dynamics of support for federal parties in the regions. The phenomenon of distant electronic voting is analyzed, and the weakness of its perception by residents of Russian regions to ensure accessibility of elections and fair political competition.

The article discusses the main reasons for population migration from the Far Eastern Federal District. An analysis was carried out of the implementation of the "Far Eastern Hectare" program, aimed at stopping the outflow of the population, socio-economic development and helping to attract the population to the territory of the Far East to live and carry out economic activities in the Far Eastern Federal District. The main points and restrictions for obtaining a land plot within the framework of this program are analyzed. Its shortcomings and problems that complicate the process of its effective functioning are identified and described, and possible ways to solve them are presented.

The article is based on the analysis of conditions and opportunities of youth cooperation development between Russia and Post-Soviet countries. In majority of studies on this matter, the analysis of the situation is conducted by the Russian experts. This paper features unique data - the assessment provided by foreign experts from all post-Soviet countries. The issue is not revealed exceptionally via the direct questions on the possibility of youth cooperation. The conditions, such as possibility of communication in Russian, ability for Russian Media activity and reception of accurate and valid information about Russia, ability for cooperation between NGOs are assessed. Memory policy and foreign policy guidelines of the post-Soviet countries governments, attitude towards Russia as to an ally and partner or as to an enemy and opponent are considered crucial for youth cooperation development. The article is prepared as a part of post-Soviet countries communication regimes monitoring conducted by the National Research Institute for Communications Development (Moscow) under the directorship of the author.