Using chronological and anthropological methods, this article examines the stages of human settlement and exploration in the northeastern Azov region, spanning from the Mius River valley to the Mertvy Donets River. Using the latest archaeological and historiographic data, the history of the region is traced from the Early Paleolithic era through classical antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. The impact of climate change and geological processes on human communities is demonstrated. The article also demonstrates the constant and multifaceted connections between the population of this territory and those of nearby and more distant regions of Eurasia. The emergence of the northernmost Greek colony of early antiquity in this region, the role of the Greek presence in the region during classical antiquity, and the significance of Greek historiography for modern humans are considered. The long line of peoples who passed through and lived in the region, as well as the key features of their culture, economy, and politics, are identified. The factors contributing to the region’s unique appeal and the persistent struggle between peoples and states for the possession of local resources in various historical periods are revealed. The dramatic saga of Russian penetration into the region is illustrated, beginning in the early Middle Ages and continuing until the region’s consolidation within the Russian state. It is concluded that Russia ensured peace and prosperity in the Azov region through its consistent, rational, and just policies.

This article explores Empress Catherine II’s 1787 journey to Crimea as a significant historical and political event that played a key role in shaping imperial identity and the symbolic appropriation of newly annexed territories of the Russian Empire. The relevance of the study lies in the growing interest in reinterpreting historical events within contemporary socio-cultural and technological contexts; as well as the need to find effective tools for preserving historical memory in the era of digital transformation. Particular attention is given to the modern reinterpretation of Catherine’s Crimean voyage through the lens of digitalization in the tourism and service industries. The article examines the potential of integrating digital technologies–such as augmented reality; virtual tours; and multimedia platforms–into the development of cultural and educational tourism. The analysis reveals the prospects for using historical narratives as a resource for fostering sustained interest in Russia’s southern regions; strengthening regional identity; and promoting cultural heritage. The study concludes that combining historical context with digital formats enhances the public’s engagement with the past and encourages the growth of innovative forms of tourism and educational outreach.

Based on letters and documents by A.V. Suvorov and contemporaries’ accounts, this article examines the motivation, design, and execution of the general-in-chief’s campaign in Lithuania and Poland in the summer and fall of 1794. It demonstrates that the Polish campaign was initially conceived and brilliantly executed by the commander as part of a strategy of a massive strike, depriving the enemy of the ability to continue resistance. Historiography has presented the 1794 campaign as a chain of events, each of which Suvorov responded to with his characteristic military talent. However, the author’s study of the development of his military art revealed that, as early as the late 1770s, Suvorov had been meticulously planning his strategy for each theater of operations within the framework of his concept of “preemptively defeating” the enemy. Focusing on the commander’s original documents and letters, we discovered that he personally characterized the 1794 campaign as a deliberate and calculated “massive strike.” A study of the commander’s entire body of orders, reports, dispatches, and letters during the campaign leads to the undeniable conclusion that his actions were not random, but rather logically designed within the framework of this strategy. Its consistent application resulted in a swift and decisive victory for Russian forces, ending the war, which had threatened to drag on for years, with relatively little bloodshed and establishing peace between Russia and its allies with the remaining portion of the Polish state. 

The relevance of the publication is due, firstly, to the 80th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945; secondly, to the need to preserve historical memory and form patriotism among the younger generation of the Russian Federation; thirdly, in some textbooks and teaching aids of state universities of Russia, the 2024 edition does not consider the Leningrad Battle at all. Based on the military memoirs of the Commissioner of the State Defense Committee for the provision of food to the population of Leningrad and the troops of the fronts, D.V. Pavlov, the military leaders of the Red Army, Marshals of the Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov, A.M. Vasilevsky, Chief Marshal of Artillery N. N. Voronov, Marshal of Artillery N.D. Yakovlev, and others, the organizational activities of the highest state authorities of the Soviet Union, aimed at to defeat the German fascist troops in the Battle of Leningrad 1941-1944. 

The article examines the evolution of the historiography of the Great Patriotic War in Uzbekistan during the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. The research is based on a comprehensive historiosophical approach and a comparative analysis of a complex of scientific historical materials. The article pays special attention to the analysis of methodological approaches and thematic trends in the study of war. It is shown that while in the Soviet period the war was considered as part of a single Soviet historical narrative, in the post-Soviet period there has been a rethinking of approaches to studying the events of 1941-1945. The paper analyzes the current state of historiography, including the publication of new materials and changes in terminology. The results of research of scientific conferences, monographs and educational publications of the last 30 years are presented.

This article examines and summarizes the characteristic features in the coverage of the history of the Great Patriotic War in the works of the expert community of Kyrgyzstan for the period 1991-2025. The contribution of the Kyrgyz people to the achievement of victory is analyzed chronologically and thematically, the main directions of the historical memory of the war in modern Kyrgyzstan, the problems of motivation and the choice of research blocks in the academic environment are explored. Special attention is paid to the state policy in the field of preserving the memory of the common Victory. The results of the study revealed that despite the political and ideological changes in the country and the actualization of discussions about Kyrgyzstan’s Soviet past, the attitude towards the Great Patriotic War in the republic remains respectful. The main trends in the study of the war are investigated, including the contribution of Kyrgyzstanis at the front and in the rear, demographic processes, migration phenomena and the preservation of historical memory.

Society requires updating the personnel training system to meet the challenges of innovative development. The higher education system needs serious transformations. Current problems only emphasize the importance and relevance of an in-depth study of the management mechanisms of state educational policy aimed at training highly qualified specialists and shaping the political image of the state’s activities in this area. Considering this problem, it is necessary to pay attention to military professional education in training personnel for the Russian army. Solving this problem requires more decisive actions to develop and implement a new, more effective model of educational activity. This new model should be part of a long-term strategy that includes a clear governance mechanism in line with the country’s public policy. Such research will become the basis for the creation of advanced management models in the field of higher education.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism for forming public policy in contemporary Russia through the prism of the interrelationship between its semantic foundations (national interests, goals), structural elements (institutions, actors), and functional stages (the political and managerial cycle). Using an interdisciplinary approach and methods of institutional, comparative historical, and documentary analysis, the article traces the evolution of the national interests and goals of the Russian Federation since the 1990s and identifies the specific features of the Russian goal-setting model in the context of changing internal and external challenges. It describes the institutional architecture of the policy development and implementation process, with the central role of the “triangle” (Presidential Administration - President - Security Council), the Government, the Federal Assembly, and civil society institutions. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the governance system - from the “May decrees” to national projects and new-generation state programs, the introduction of KPIs, project offices, and lean technologies. A conclusion is drawn about the adaptability of the Russian model, its focus on technological and value sovereignty, as well as the key role of public trust as an indicator of effectiveness. 

This article examines the awarding of the honorary title “Settlement of Military Valor” in the Moscow Region as a tool for preserving the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War. It analyzes the geographic distribution of awarded settlements, their connection to the events of the Battle of Moscow in 1941–1942, and the symbolic significance of commemorative steles. Based on an analysis of the geographical patterns of the awards and specific examples (such as the villages of Yushkovo, Tashirovo, Papivino, and others), the article identifies factors influencing the recognition of settlements’ military merits. The work is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining legal, historical and cultural analysis for a comprehensive understanding of the processes of preserving and transforming the memory of the war at the regional level. Cultural analysis shows the importance of memorial initiatives and historical and educational activities for patriotic education at the local level.

The article is devoted to the actualization of the ideas of E.M. Primakov, a talented Oriental scholar and statesman, when analyzing modern conflicts in the Middle East, including the Palestinian-Israeli confrontation, the Iranian-Israeli clash and the situation in Syria. The authors demonstrate how Primakov’s forecasts about the risks of escalation, the strengthening of Hamas and the nuclear threat are reflected in the military and political events of 2023-2025, emphasizing the need for a compromise settlement through the expanded Middle East quartet. Analysis of the legacy of E.M. Primakova confirms five key conclusions: the transnational consequences of the Middle East crises, the nodal nature of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the prospects for multipolar mediation, the creation of a Palestinian state based on the United Nations, and the need to adapt Russian foreign policy to new realities.