Bioethics as a guarantor of the anthropocentricity of modern scientific and technological development
https://doi.org/10.56654/ROPI-2023-2(7)-98-111
Abstract
The relevance of the article is due to the acuteness of the public and scientific debate on the ethics of human cloning experiments: both from the point of view of violating the boundaries of human individuality, and from the standpoint of biological safety. Bioethics in this context becomes a reference point for any scientific research related to the human body, which is especially important in the modern «age of technological dehumanization». The article examines the disciplinary, philosophical, medical, anthropological aspects of bioethics in Russia and abroad, as well as the specifics of the legislative regulation of cloning issues. As a result of the analysis, the conclusion is postulated that ethical norms find themselves in a situation of opposition to the principles of bioeconomics, which implies the reproduction «to order» of a person with specified characteristics. A parallel is drawn with artificial intelligence, which also, in fact, imitates and reproduces individual processes of human thinking. Nevertheless, bioethics should not create barriers to the development of scientific knowledge and the improvement of medical technologies.
About the Author
S. A. Tyulyakova
Moscow State Linguistic University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sofya A. Tyulyakova, student of the Institute of International Law and Justice, Member of the working group at the Commission on Science, Higher Education and Culture of the Youth Parliament of the State Duma of Russian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Botyazhova, O. A. (2011), Fundamentals of bioethics. Part 1 : text of lectures; Yaroslav. State University named after P. G.Demidov. Yaroslavl : YarGU. 64 p. (In Russian)
2. Gnatik, E.N. (2004), Genetic engineering and biological safety. Bulletin of the RUDN. Series: Legal Sciences. No. 2. (In Russian)
3. Gnatik, E. N. (2003), Philosophical and humanistic aspects of the problem of human cloning [Electronic resource]. Bulletin of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia. Series: Philosophy. No. 1. pp. 112-122. (In Russian)
4. Gromov, V.G., Yaroshuk, A.V. (2020), The problem of human cloning: legal and moral and ethical aspects. Fundamentals of EUP. No. 6 (25). (In Russian)
5. Minenko, I.A., Serdyukov, D.G. (2014), To the question of the history of cloning. Bulletin of New Medical Technologies. Electronic edition. No. 1. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/k-voprosu-ob-istorii-klonirovaniya (accessed: 26.02.2023). (In Russian)
6. Siluyanova, I.V. (2001), Bioethics in Russia: Values and Laws. 192 p. (In Russian)
7. Tkachuk, E.A., Seminsky, I.J. (2022), The role of genetics in modern medicine. Baikal Medical Journal. No.1(1). pp. 81-88. https://doi.org/10.57256/2949-0715-2022-1-81-88 (In Russian)
8. Chadwick, R.F. (2023) «Bioethics». The Encyclopedia Britannica.
9. Elliot, D. (1998), Uniqueness, individuality and human cloning. Journal of Applied Philosophy. Volume 15, No. 3, pp. 217-230.
10. Heffe, O. (2003), Klonen beim Menschen? Zur rechtsetischen Debatt. In: Honnefelder, L.; Lancerat, D. (Hrsg.). Clonen in biomedical research and reproduction. Wissenschaftliche Aspect – ethics, rechtliche and gesellschaftliche Grenzen. Bonn. pp. 89 – 100. (In German)
11. Hubbard F. Patrick (2011), «Do Androids Dream?»: Personality and Intellectual Artifacts, 83 Temp. L. Rev. 405.
12. Morales, N.M. (2009), Psychological aspects of human cloning and genetic manipulation: identity and uniqueness of human beings. Reproductive medicine online. Volume 19. Supplement 2. pp. 43-50.
Review
For citations:
Tyulyakova S.A. Bioethics as a guarantor of the anthropocentricity of modern scientific and technological development. Russia: Society, Politics, History. 2023;(2(7)):98-111. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.56654/ROPI-2023-2(7)-98-111
Views:
277
Email this article 