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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusociety</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Россия: общество, политика, история</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia: Society, Politics, History</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1142</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-621X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Regional and International Research, Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56654/ROPI-2023-4(9)-22-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusociety-111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Краткий очерк мореходства на Черном и Азовском морях от времен античности до Российского регулярного флота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Brief Outline of Navigation on the Black and Azov Seas from Antiquity to the Russian Regular Fleet</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павленко Игорь Евгеньевич, кандидат технических наук, Председатель Общественной Организации «Фонд Таганрог Исторический»</p><p>Таганрог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor E. Pavlenko, CandSc (Tech.), Chairman of Non-governmental organization "Historical Taganrog Fund"</p><p>Taganrog</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taganflot@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общественная организация «Фонд Таганрог Исторический»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Non-governmental organization "Historical Taganrog Fund"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4(9)</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павленко И.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павленко И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlenko I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ru-society.com/jour/article/view/111">https://www.ru-society.com/jour/article/view/111</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье на основе принципов историзма и системности рассматриваются этапы мореходства в Азово-Черноморском бассейне от ранней античности до Российского регулярного военного флота. Использованы малоизвестные письменные и вещественные источники. Показана эволюция парусно-гребных судов, обусловленная задачами определенных периодов и технологическими возможностями субъектов. Выявлена неизменная притягательность Азовского моря и устья реки Дон с прилегающими землями как источников богатых пищевых ресурсов и как перекрестка мировых торговых путей для весьма удаленных государств на протяжении тысячелетий. Показана решающая роль мотивации, технической и профессиональной подготовки морского флота и инфраструктуры в обеспечении военного и экономического успеха участников конкурентного исторического процесса. Подчеркнута политическая и экономическая целесообразность и твердая последовательность России в обретении выхода к южным морям, завершившаяся реализацией Азовского проекта Петра Первого. На конкретных примерах продемонстрирована эффективность принципа историзма в научно-практических реконструкциях плаваний на кораблях-репликах прошлого. Сделан вывод о том, что для обретения должного уровня национального самосознания россияне нуждаются в системном историческом образовании и просвещении.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on the principles of historicism and consistency, the article examines the stages of navigation in the Azov-Black Sea basin from early antiquity to the Russian regular Navy. Little-known written and material sources were used. The evolution of sailing and rowing vessels is shown, due to the tasks of certain periods and the technological capabilities of the subjects. The constant attractiveness of the Azov Sea and the mouth of the Don River with adjacent lands as sources of rich food resources and as a crossroads of world trade routes for very remote states for thousands of years has been revealed. The decisive role of motivation, technical and professional training of naval potential in ensuring the military and economic success of participants in the competitive historical process is shown. The political and economic expediency and firm consistency of Russia in gaining access to the South Seas, which culminated in the implementation of Peter the Great's Azov project, are emphasized. Using concrete examples, the effectiveness of the principle of historicism in scientific and practical reconstructions of voyages on replica ships of the past is demonstrated. It is concluded that in order to acquire the proper level of national consciousness, Russians need systematic historical education and enlightenment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системность</kwd><kwd>морская история</kwd><kwd>колонисты</kwd><kwd>парусно-гребные суда</kwd><kwd>казаки</kwd><kwd>флот</kwd><kwd>навигация</kwd><kwd>историческое просвещение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>consistency</kwd><kwd>maritime history</kwd><kwd>colonists</kwd><kwd>sailing and rowing vessels</kwd><kwd>Cossacks</kwd><kwd>fleet</kwd><kwd>navigation</kwd><kwd>historical education</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аваков П.А. 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